Based on this, we will consider the first option. First you have to do a project
There are two ways to connect the house to the power supply. For example, all the rooms are connected to an electric meter through one machine, the sockets are connected to another or you can (the most correct choice) any room connected to electricity using a stand-alone machine. Automatic connection to the shield near the counter. The positive properties of this connection are that if a malfunction or other need arises, you can disconnect the desired room from the mains and have electricity in the other rooms.
In any room you can put a mark on the wall where you need to make an electrical outlet and switches. According to the latest standards, the switches are placed at a distance of 80-90 cm from the floor, but preferably, of course, at a distance from the lowered hand (for comfort). It should be noted that the sockets are not located behind the wall of the furniture or under the pictures. They are placed about 30 cm from the floor. Corridor receptions with shoe racks .
Why not store in slots
You can not save at the expense of stores. In a room, it is desirable to make 2-3, appearance rooms will not suffer from it. In the kitchen, the sockets are connected above the kitchen table, but not above a gas stove or above the sink.
You can not save at the expense of stores. In a room, it is desirable to make 2-3, appearance rooms will not suffer from it. In the kitchen, the sockets are connected above the kitchen table, but not above a gas stove or above the sink.
Then go around the room and count how many "points" there are. For a given point you need to buy a box that will have sockets and switches. Do not forget that you have to buy switches and sockets, single and double, as well as sockets equipped with and without ground wire (appliances that work in the kitchen and bathroom often have to be grounded, and in the bathroom you also have to install the sockets with safety covers ).
How to choose the right connection cables for the outputs
Now test the connection cables. Which section should the cable be for the outputs? Suitable for this copper cable that has double insulation, such as VVG. A cable with a cross-sectional diameter greater than 2.5 mm2 is connected to the sockets and a triple wire of a given diameter is connected to grounded sockets. Wire is used for lighting with a diameter of 1.5 mm2. IMPORTANT: Pull the lighting cables for the sockets separately from the distribution box. In energy-intensive electrical appliances, such as electric cookers, washing machines, it is also necessary to install separate ground wires. The electric cooker or oven is connected to a cable larger than 4 mm2 in diameter.
How to choose the right connection cables for the outputs
Now test the connection cables. Which section should the cable be for the outputs? Suitable for this copper cable that has double insulation, such as VVG. A cable with a cross-sectional diameter greater than 2.5 mm2 is connected to the sockets and a triple wire of a given diameter is connected to grounded sockets. Wire is used for lighting with a diameter of 1.5 mm2. IMPORTANT: Pull the lighting cables for the sockets separately from the distribution box. In energy-intensive electrical appliances, such as electric cookers, washing machines, it is also necessary to install separate ground wires. The electric cooker or oven is connected to a cable larger than 4 mm2 in diameter.
Then you need distribution boxes that are installed in each room. As defined above, from the launcher, the main cable will be routed separately to each junction box room. . Calculate in advance how many and which appliances that consume electricity will be in each room and calculate their total capacity. From this indication will depend on the diameter that the main cable must be pulled from the electrical panel to the junction box. Most often, the main cables have a diameter of 2.5 mm2. This is ideal for powering the room with a total capacity of at least 3 kW. What section should be the cable for sockets in the current kitchen, where the number of electrical appliances is very much the main cable should be taken with a diameter of 4 - 6 mm2, and when installed in the electric kitchen oven - the diameter of the wire is taken according the specifications shown in the passport on the stove.
In summary, the power was calculated, the diameters of the wires were determined. Next, you need to calculate the length of the wires from all the junction boxes and their pin path to the fixed shield starters. The cables need a length of more than 1-2 meters than calculated, to have a solid cable along the entire length of the tape. It is strictly forbidden to use the main cables, twisted into pieces.
What extra advice should you give? If you live in a multi-storey building and the electricity meter is located on a common shield in the space, then an independent electrical panel must be installed in the apartment, as described above.
Let us summarize the part of the wire:
The electrical work starts from the first (forging grooves for boxes and sockets, switches, junction boxes, grooves for cables) and finishing with the latest (permanent luminaires, sockets, etc.).
When choosing an outlet, look at the method of attaching cables. Inserted sockets use clamping devices, in which the cable is simply inserted. These sockets are easy to install and carry large loads.
sockets and switches may be placed in a single unit.
for the bathroom, it is necessary to install a separate RCD with a calculated leakage current of 10 mA.
If you do not do the wiring yourself, then all the necessary work in electrical engineering is assigned to qualified technicians or organizations that have the necessary permits.
Let us summarize the part of the wire:
The electrical work starts from the first (forging grooves for boxes and sockets, switches, junction boxes, grooves for cables) and finishing with the latest (permanent luminaires, sockets, etc.).
When choosing an outlet, look at the method of attaching cables. Inserted sockets use clamping devices, in which the cable is simply inserted. These sockets are easy to install and carry large loads.
sockets and switches may be placed in a single unit.
for the bathroom, it is necessary to install a separate RCD with a calculated leakage current of 10 mA.
If you do not do the wiring yourself, then all the necessary work in electrical engineering is assigned to qualified technicians or organizations that have the necessary permits.
Cable or cable video review option
What part of the socket cable should be in the compartment? This is a very important issue when all cables are changed to copper instead of the old aluminum. After all, it is important that the cables withstand all the electrical appliances in your home. And today there are many of them, respectively, and it consumes electricity in large volumes. But before you ask questions about how to connect the cable to the socket, it is important to understand how many sockets you need.
Only after you understand all these issues are you going to talk about selecting the cable section for the power supply. Definitely the best options These are copper wires. Whose solid cores, well, or, in extreme cases, latent, as well as excellent vinyl insulation. One thing is for sure, today you can buy these products in the store or in the market, and they are offered in the widest range. To connect the internal sockets, the cables must have a cross section of two and a half square millimeters in diameter. And when using grounded electrical outlets, you need three-core, all-in-one cables. Selecting the cable section for cables that illuminate the room, the diameter will fit in half a square. mm
Cable section - where and how to use it?
The cables for the lighting of the room, coming from the partition box, are placed separately from the cable to which the outputs themselves must be connected, as they consume much more electricity, so they become very hot. Therefore, they connect very powerful electrical appliances. If you have difficulty calculating the cable section, do not worry. In fact, this is not difficult at all, and our cable board also helps you with that!
If we are talking about fixed electrical appliances that have high power, then you need to install a separate one, with a large cross section of the wire. Here we are talking about the electric stove, brass and microwave, washing machine. Well, before you buy cables, it is important to calculate the necessary videos accurately. Let it be better to stay a little, than not enough.
For every room in your home you need a junction box. In this case, run the cable correctly from the reader itself to each junction box, separately.
Power in distribution boxes
For each of the rooms you need to calculate the total connected to the junction box, power. This will help you to know what their total capacity is, as well as to know which module to choose, including from the control panel - in the junction box.
If the total power of the devices is a maximum of three kilowatts, the diameter is required 2.5 miles. For the kitchen, in which there are many powerful electrical appliances, the cross section of the cable should be 6 square meters. mm
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As we all know, all cables start with an input cable - cable from power lines (electrical cables) to a common (input) or electric meter. The total load of all consumers in an apartment or house falls on this cable. To determine the cross-section of the input cable, it is necessary to know the total power (Watt) of all electrical appliances installed in your home - microwave, air conditioning, washing machine, water heater, electric stove, etc. It is necessary to take only powerful devices, small ones can be ignored, such as razor, coffee grinder, small TV, etc. By adding the power of the devices, we have the total power of all our consumers. Multiply this percentage by a factor of 0.75 and obtain a portion of the phase (or phase) cores of the input cable.
Another aspect: when calculating the total power, it is worth considering the possibilities of only those consumers who will be included in the electricity network at the same time. Otherwise, your calculations may lead to the choice of a cable with a section of a small tree!
The power of a home appliance can be found either in its case or in the attached technical passport.
Below is a table with which you can determine the cross section of the cable you need, knowing the power consumption in this wiring line. Ή vice versa: by knowing the cross section of the cables, you can determine what kind of current and power you can skip and endure. The table shows the prices for copper wire since aluminum cables are prohibited by the Electrical Installation Rules (WHO).
Cable and cable board selection
If we start only with the types of table or section calculations, it will turn out that there will be enough 1.5 mm² cable for the receiving line and less than 1.5 mm² for the lighting line. In practice, however, they assemble cables of this section: for sockets - at least 2.5 mm², for lighting - at least 1.5 mm². Why is this happening?
As for the lighting line, it is impossible and even practical to install wire with a cross section of less than 1.5 mm². This is justified by the fact that it will not withstand mechanical loads and chemical reactions (oxidation). And the installation of the cable for sockets with a cross section of at least 2.5 mm² is provided so that in the future you can activate electrical appliances of higher power than they are at the moment. For example, you had a 1.5 kW iron, it failed, you bought a new 2.5 kW. Do you really want to change the entire wiring harness for this output?
Regarding the cross section of cables in electrical wiring and circuit breakers, their installation is also based on this table. For example, for sockets in the kitchen, you stretched a 2.5 mm cable, which withstands a current of 27 Amperes and is designed for 5.9 kW. A circuit breaker or RCD with a maximum operating current of not more than 25 Amperes is installed in the electrical circuit for this electrical wiring line with socket .
Also, when the electric wiring design, consider the length of line which supplies the end-user electricity . Also, during the design, and then, do not forget about the selectivity of the automatons. Selectivity is a special feature of the relay protection for detecting a damaged wiring element (short circuit, overload) and disconnect it from nearby switches without interrupting the normal operation of the remaining zones of the electrical circuit.
Typical Cross sections of pipes in houses
The phase conductors in alternating current circuits and also all active conductors in direct current circuits must have a cross section at least equal to that given in the table below.
Minimum pipe cross sections
| Type of power line | Use of the circuit | Pipes | ||
| Material | Cross section mm ^ 2 | |||
| Permanent facilities | Insulated conductors or cables | Power circuits and lighting circuits. | Copper Aluminum | 1.5 16 (1) |
| Control and signaling circuits | Copper | 0.50 (2) | ||
| Bare pipes | Power circuits | Copper Aluminum | 10 16 | |
| Control and signaling circuits | Copper | 4 | ||
| Flexible connections | Insulated conductors or cables | Power supply of a specific device | Copper | According to the corresponding Standard |
| Any other use | 0.75 (3) | |||
| Very low voltage circuits for special applications | 0.75 | |||
Notes: 1. Connectors used for aluminum conductors must be tested and approved for this use. 2. For control and signaling circuits intended for electronic equipment, conductors with a cross-section of 0,1 mm ^ 2 are permitted. 3. For multi-conductor cables with 7 or more conductors, note 2 applies. | ||||
Note: In the previous "KEHE" there were other additional cases where a minimum cross section was required. For example, in engines we accept 2.5 mm2 as the minimum cross section. If the motor power supply is calculated both at start-up and in smooth operation and errors there is no longer a reason for the minimum cross-section of 2.5 mm2 but the minimum cross-section is 1.5 mm2 uniform like the others.
| Minimum allowable pipe cross-sections in the various circuits of electrical installations | ||
| a / a | Minimum permissible pipe cross section [mm ^ 2] | Applications |
| 1. | 0.5 | Electrical circuits operating at a voltage of less than 50 V, e.g. continuous or alternating |
| 2. | 0.75 | Electrification of lamps and appliances of relatively low power |
| 3. | 1.5 | Electrification of lines of rated current of the order of 10 A, e.g. lighting lines |
| 4. | 2.5 | Electrification of separate sockets, e.g. amplified power lines |
| 5. | 4 | Electricity of water heater |
| 6. | 6 | Kitchen electrification |
| 7. | 4 | Suspended power lines <20 m long |
| 8. | 6 | Suspended power lines 20/40 m long |
| 9. | 10 | Electricity supply (drainage) of low voltage consumers (PPC) |
| 10. | 16 | Electricity meter ground |
| 11. | 25 | Buried or inaccessible protection earthing conductors |
| 12. | 2.5 | Independent insulated earth conductors |
| 13. | 6 | Independent bare earth conductors |
| 14. | 2.5 | Power supply for electric motors (drive systems) |
Book Pipes and cables
Software to download http://www1.pubcloud.cosmote.gr/cwp?uuid=5b2559d93d0426da4282e2082c86d03cae613569
PDF http://edume.myds.me/00_0070_e_library/10030/06_Electrical_installations_books/15/06_4.pdf
Tables https://oaedhlectrologoi.blogspot.com/2015/04/blog-post_14.html
Online calculators http://www.monachos.gr/forum/content.php/265-online-calculators
Link https://mekelektro.ru/el/wiring/the-main-types-of-cables-and-wires-which-cable-is-best-used-for-wiring-in-the-apartment-brands-crosssections -choice.html
https://docplayer.gr/38803551-Kefalaio-7-prosdiorismos-ton-kalodion-kai-tis-prostasias-toys-syn.html
https://www.ti-soft.com/el/support / help / electrical / knowledgebase / lowvoltage / cables / panelcad_elaxistes_diatomes_agwgwn
Reblog https://electric-in-home.com/en/section-of-electrical-wiring-wire-cross-section-for-electrical-wiring/ Special Thank to ELECTRICIANS of the 1st EPAS OAED THESSALONIKI for the amazing technological content and the wonderful articles they publish on their blog
